In 2024, How To Unlock Apple iPhone SE Without Passcode? 4 Easy Methods
How To Unlock Apple iPhone SE Without Passcode? 4 Easy Methods
The Apple iPhone SE are high-end smartphones with many features and capabilities. However, if you forget your passcode, these phones are nothing more than a paperweight. So, if you have also forgotten your passcode, you may be wondering how to unlock your Apple iPhone SE 11/12 or 13 without a passcode.
This blog post will discuss several methods to unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode. So, this article will be very helpful if you have forgotten your Apple iPhone SE’s passcode or are just looking for ways to unlock iPhones without a passcode.
Is It Possible to Unlock Apple iPhone SE without a Passcode?
Unlocking an iPhone without a passcode is possible, but it’s not as simple as entering a code. Besides, there are different methods that you can follow to unlock your Apple iPhone SE on 11/12/13.
And we are going to teach all those methods with some simple steps. So, without any further ado, let’s get started.
5 Easy Ways to Unlock Apple iPhone SE without Passcode by Yourself
Use Find My iPhone
Once you have activated the Find My iPhone function, then you can try it to unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode. This is an easy and effective method to complete this task. Here’s how you can do it:
Step 1: Go to icloud.com from any web browser on your computer or another iOS device.
Step 2: Enter your Apple ID and password to log into your iCloud account.
Step 3: Click on the ‘Find My iPhone’ option.
Step 4: Select the ‘All Devices’ option at the top of the screen and select your Apple iPhone SE from the list of devices.
Step 5: Click the ‘Erase’ option to confirm your action.
Step 6: Once your device has been erased, you can set it up again and use it without a passcode.
Unlock it with iTunes
Another way to unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode is by using iTunes. For this method to work, you must have synced your device with iTunes at least once. If you haven’t done that, this method won’t work. Here’s how you can use iTunes to unlock your Apple iPhone SE:
Step 1: Connect your Apple iPhone SE to the computer you previously used to sync your device with iTunes.
Step 2: Open the iTunes application on your computer and wait for it to recognize your device.
Step 3: Once recognized, your Apple iPhone SE will appear in the iTunes window. Click on the ‘Summary’ option present in the left sidebar.
Step 4: Now, click on the ‘Restore iPhone’ button in the right sidebar.
Step 5: Confirm your action and wait for the process to be completed. Once done, you can set up your device as new and use it without a passcode.
Unlock iPhone in Recovery Mode
If you have never tried to sync your device with iTunes or used the Find My iPhone feature, you can use recovery mode to unlock your device. This more complex method will erase all the data on your device. So, ensure that you have backed up your data before proceeding with this method. Here’s how you can use recovery mode to unlock your Apple iPhone SE:
Step 1: Connect your Apple iPhone SE to the computer and launch the iTunes application.
Step 2: Press and hold down the ‘Volume’ and ‘Power’ buttons simultaneously for a few seconds.
Step 3: As soon as you see the Connect to iTunes screen, release the buttons.
Step 4: On your computer, you will now see a message that iTunes detected an iPhone in recovery mode. Click on the ‘OK’ button.
Step 5: Now, click on the ‘Restore iPhone’ button in the Summary tab.
Step 6: Confirm your action and wait for the process to be completed. Once done, you can set up your device as new and use it without a passcode.
Use Siri (only iOS version 10)
You can use this hack to unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode. But it just functions on devices running iOS 10 or lower. So, if you are using a newer version of iOS, this method won’t work for you.
Here’s how you can use Siri to bypass the Passcode:
Step 1: Press and hold the Home button to activate Siri.
Step 2: Say something like “Siri, what time is it?” or “Siri, who am I?”
Step 3: Siri will likely respond with an error message saying that she can’t answer these questions while your device is locked. However, she will also give you the option to “Tap to open Clock.”
Step 4: Tap on “Clock,” and you’ll be taken to the Clock app. From here, you can access other apps like Calendar, Reminders, and more.
But this method will not work on newer iPhones 11/12/13 and iPhone 14 because they run on the latest iOS.
Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS)
Unlock iPhone Without Passcode.
- Simple, click-through process.
- Unlock screen passwords from all iPhones and iPad.
- No tech knowledge is required. Everybody can handle it.
- Supports iPhone 14/13/12/XS (Max) / iPhone XR / iPhone X / 8 (Plus)/ iPhone 7(Plus)/ iPhone6s(Plus), iPhone SE, and the latest iOS version fully!
4,395,217 people have downloaded it
If no method is applicable, the ultimate solution is Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock. It is a professional tool that can unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode. It is elementary to manipulate and can unlock any iPhone within minutes. Plus, it doesn’t cause any damage to the Apple iPhone SE device, which is always a good thing.
If you are interested in using this tool, then here’s how you can do it:
Step 1: Start Dr.Fone on your computer. Then, launch the program and select “Screen Unlock.
Step 2: Create the connection from your Apple iPhone SE to the computer with a lightning cable.
Step 3: Follow the image on the screen to make your device enter in DFU mode or Recovery mode.
Step 4: Once your device gets into DFU mode or Recovery mode, Dr.Fone will ask you to choose the right firmware for your Apple iPhone SE.
Step 5: Upon selecting the right firmware, Dr.Fone will start downloading the firmware for your device. Once it’s finished, click “Unlock Now” to remove the Passcode.
You only need to wait for some time as the process may take several minutes. So be patient and don’t interrupt the process; otherwise, it may permanently damage your Apple iPhone SE.
Once the process is completed, your Apple iPhone SE will be unlocked, and you can choose a new passcode.
This is the easiest and most effective way to reset your Apple iPhone SE passcode. So, if you’re looking for a hassle-free solution, this is the one you should choose.
How Can I Turn On/Off the Passcode on My iPhone?
If you want to turn the Passcode ON your Apple iPhone SE, then follow these steps:
Step 1: Go to ‘Settings’ and select ‘Touch ID & Passcode’ (if you’re using an iPhone with Touch ID). If you’re using an iPhone without a Touch ID, select ‘Passcode.’
Step 2: Enter your current Passcode when prompted.
Step 3: Scroll down and toggle the ‘Passcode’ switch to the ‘ON’ position.
Step 4: Enter a new 6-digit passcode when prompted. Then, please enter it again to confirm.
That’s it! Your Passcode is now turned ON, and your device is more secure than ever.
To shut down the Passcode on your Apple iPhone SE, follow the steps above and toggle the ‘Passcode’ switch to the ‘OFF’ position.
The Bottom Line
As you see in the article, there are some ways to reset your Apple iPhone SE passcode. However, if you’re looking for an easy and effective solution, we recommend using Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock. It is a professional tool that can unlock your Apple iPhone SE without a passcode. Plus, it doesn’t cause any damage to the Apple iPhone SE device, which is always a good thing.
If you’re not interested in using a third-party tool, you can try one of the methods mentioned above. But keep in mind that these methods may only work on some iPhones. So, if you need help deciding which way to use it, we recommend going with Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock.
Learn How To Lock Stolen Your Apple iPhone SE Properly
When it comes to security in smartphones, Apple stands at the forefront. The Activation Lock is a robust barrier to preventing unauthorized access and device theft. Losing your Apple iPhone SE can be a disturbing event, as accidents are inevitable. Taking prompt action to stop unauthorized data access becomes important. This guide offers a step-by-step approach to how to lock a stolen iPhone.
Part 1. Major Threats To Consider When iPhone Is Stolen
A lost iPhone can become susceptible to a myriad of threats. It could compromise your privacy, security, and personal data. Here are the reasons why learning how to lock your Apple iPhone SE when lost is essential:
- Unauthorized Access to Personal Data: Thieves can exploit an unsecured Apple iPhone SE to gain unauthorized access to personal information. These include contacts, messages, emails, and photos.
- **Financial Exploitation:**With access to your Apple iPhone SE, thieves may attempt to get stored payment methods.
- Identity Theft: Stolen iPhones often contain a wealth of sensitive information. This makes them a prime target for identity theft.
- Compromised Social Media Accounts: Using social media applications on your smartphone carries potential risks in the event of device loss. Unauthorized access to your social media accounts can lead to many problems, including misinformation and compromised privacy.
Part 2. Use Find My To Locate Stolen iPhone
On learning about how do I lock my stolen iPhone, Apple’s robust Find My feature emerges as a beacon of hope. It uses a combination of GPS, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth signals to locate your Apple iPhone SE accurately.
Key Scenarios Where Find My Works
Find My can be a source to track stolen iPhones, but certain scenarios are associated with its operations. To know more about these scenarios, this section continues the discussion further below:
- iPhone Turned On:Find My can provide real-time location tracking when your stolen iPhone is still powered on and connected to the internet.
- **iPhone Turned Off or In Airplane Mode:**The last known location before the Apple iPhone SE device was powered down or put in Airplane Mode is accessible, offering a starting point for recovery efforts.
- **Offline Finding with Bluetooth:**The Find My service leverages Bluetooth technology to create a vast network of Apple devices. With these, it can securely help locate your Apple iPhone SE, even offline.
- **Activation Lock Integration:**This service is also integrated with Activation Lock, adding an extra layer of security. The Activation Lock remains active if a thief attempts to erase your device.
How To Use Find My To Locate Your Stolen iPhone
- Step 1. Access the Find My app on a trusted device and open it. If you can’t access one, use the iCloud website to access Find My service.
- Step 2. After logging in, select the lost device, and you can see its last recorded location on the map.
Part 3. Using Lost Mode To Lock Stolen iPhone
Lost Mode locks the Apple iPhone SE device and allows users to showcase a personalized message on the screen. This can help greatly in the safe return of the smartphone. The following are the simple steps you need to follow to learn how to block stolen iPhone with Lost Mode:
Activating Lost Mode Using Your Smartphone
- Step 1. Within the Find My app, tap “Devices” from the bottom toolbar and select your lost device. Now, scroll down to “Mark As Lost” and tap “Activate.”
- Step 2. You will now be given a summary of the Lost Mode; tap “Continue” to proceed. On the following screen, add a phone number, tap “Next,” and add a message that will be displayed on the lost device.
- Step 3. After adding a message, tap “Next” on the following screen and press “Activate” from the top right corner.
Activating Lost Mode Using iCloud Website
- Step 1. Access the iCloud website via your computer’s web browser. Sign in using your Apple ID, continue to click the “Grid” icon in the top right corner, and select “Find My.”
- Step 2. In Find My, add your Apple ID password again to access “All Devices.” Now, choose the lost device from the list of all devices in the top left corner. Then, click “Mark As Lost,” and the following pop-up Lost Mode prompt, tap “Next.”
- Step 3. Now go on to add your phone number and tap “Next.” Follow it by providing the message you want to display and click “Activate” to enable Lost Mode.
Part 4. Can’t Find Stolen Phone? Erase iPhone Completely
When efforts to locate a stolen iPhone fail, the need to protect sensitive data intensifies. As a result, the option to erase the Apple iPhone SE device becomes a crucial step instead of how to lock the Apple iPhone SE when lost. Here’s how to protect against the potential misuse of your information by erasing your device via Find My:
- Step 1. After accessing Find My service, choose the lost device from the list and click “Erase This Device.”
- Step 2. Select “Continue” on the erased iPhone screen for the Find My app. Once you’ve added the number, press “Erase” in the top right corner and follow the on-screen instructions to finish the procedure.
- Step 3. If using the iCloud website, tap “Erase This Device” and click “Next” on the upcoming prompt. You will be asked to enter the Apple ID password, after which you can use the on-screen guidelines to finish the process.
Part 5. Other Things To Do iPhone Is Stolen
There are additional measures you can take to enhance your overall security apart from understanding how do I lock my stolen iPhone. The following are some options you should utilize in case of device loss:
To Do List #1. Report to Police
If your Apple iPhone SE is stolen, it is crucial to immediately inform your local law enforcement agency. It facilitates the recovery process and assists in combatting criminal activities. Provide essential details about your Apple iPhone SE, such as the Model, color, and IMEI number. Share information about your efforts to locate the stolen iPhone using Find My.
To Do List #2. Make an Insurance Claim With AppleCare
You can claim insurance if you have AppleCare+ coverage for your Apple iPhone SE. AppleCare+ with Theft and Loss for iPhone includes protection against theft and loss incidents. It offers up to two incidents of such coverage every 12 months.
To qualify for theft or loss coverage, it is necessary for Find My to be enabled on your device at the time it goes missing. Moreover, it should remain enabled alongside Lost Mode throughout the claims process.
To Do List #3. Remove iPhone From Trusted Devices (2FA)
After your Apple iPhone SE is stolen, it becomes essential to bolster the security of your online accounts. It is particularly essential for those safeguarded by Two-Factor Authentication (2FA), which needs to be removed:
From iOS Device Settings
- Step 1. Access Settings on an iOS device logged in with the same Apple ID as the lost one. Here, tap on your name on the following screen and scroll down.
- Step 2. Simply select the misplaced device, and in the subsequent interface, press “Remove from Account” to eliminate it from the list of trusted devices.
From the Apple ID Website
- Step 1. If you cannot reach a secure device, visit the http://appleid.apple.com website and sign in with the identical Apple ID.
- Step 2. Once logged in, click “Devices” from the left side and select the lost device. To remove this device as a trusted device, click “Remove from Account.”
Part 6. Precautions To Take for Avoiding Losing iPhone
Users can proactively adopt specific measures to reduce the likelihood of such an occurrence. The following essential precautions are recommended while learning how to block your Apple iPhone SE when stolen:
Precaution #1. Enable Find My on Device
Activating Find My increases the likelihood of recovering your device. Take the following steps to enable the Find My feature on your Apple iPhone SE:
- Step 1. On your iOS device, navigate to “Settings” and tap the Apple ID on the top. Now, scroll down and press “Find My” on the following screen.
- Step 2. Next, tap “Find My iPhone,” on the ensuing window, toggle “Find My iPhone.” This will enable the Find My service on your device.
Precaution #2. Enable Separation Alerts on iPhone
Enabling “Separation Alerts” assists in preventing the loss of your Apple iPhone SE by alerting you when you distance yourself from it. Follow these steps to enable Separation Alerts on your Apple iPhone SE:
- Step 1. Navigate to and launch the Find My app on your Apple iPhone SE. Select the Apple iPhone SE device from the “Devices” tab for which you want to enable separation alerts.
- Step 2. From the available options, tap “Notify When Left Behind,” and on the following screen, toggle “Notify When Left Behind.” You can also add locations on this screen by tapping “New Location,” for which you don’t want to receive a left-behind notice.
Precaution #3. Enable 2FA on iPhone
Activating Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) enhances the security of your Apple iPhone SE. The mandatory secondary verification step makes 2FA crucial in securing your accounts. Follow these steps to enable 2FA on your Apple iPhone SE:
- Step 1. Access the Settings app on your iOS device and tap your name/Apple ID. Find and tap “Sign-In & Security” to proceed further.
- Step 2. On the following screen, tap “Turn On Two-Factor Authentication.” Follow it by tapping “Continue” afterward, and use the on-screen instructions to complete the process.
Bonus Tip. Find Stolen iPhone Back but Locked? Unlock With Wondershare Dr.Fone
Recovering your stolen iPhone successfully can be a joyous event. Yet, the frustration of discovering your device locked due to a forgotten password can be disheartening. Wondershare Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) offers a solution to regain access to your device. This robust tool is crafted to help users unlock various iOS screen lock scenarios.
It provides a hassle-free solution for those locked out of their devices. This powerful tool effortlessly removes various lock screens on iPhones and iPads. It can bypass the iCloud activation lock without the need for a password.
Key Features of Wondershare Dr.Fone
- If you are using iTunes for backup but have forgotten the iTunes backup encryption passcode, Dr.Fone can remove it without data loss.
- This tool can remove Apple ID from your Apple iPhone SE or iPad if you have forgotten its password.
- You can free up your device by removing MDM and carrier locks using Dr.Fone.
Steps To Unlock Your Locked iOS Device Using Wondershare Dr.Fone
Wondershare Dr.Fone is a comprehensive toolkit that addresses many iOS-related issues. It offers a user-friendly solution to unlock your Apple iPhone SE with the help of the following steps:
- Step 1. Launching Wondershare Dr.Fone and Accessing Toolbox
Once you have installed and launched Wondershare Dr.Fone, access the “Toolbox” tab. Click “Screen Unlock,” and on the following screen, choose “iOS.” Click “Unlock iOS Screen” on the following screen and link your iOS device to the computer.
- Step 2. Entering Recovery Mode and Choosing System Version
The next step requires you to put your device in Recovery Mode, for which you can follow the instructions given on-screen. After your device is in Recovery Mode, Dr.Fone will display its “Model.” Now choose the appropriate “System Version” and click “Start.” Here, Dr.Fone will start downloading the required firmware. Once it is downloaded and verified, tap “Unlock Now.”
- Step 3. Acknowledging Data Loss Warning and Initiating Unlock Process
To show your acknowledgment of the warning, enter the asked code, which is “000000.” Afterward, click “Unlock” to initiate the screen unlocking process. Once the process is complete, tap “Done” to conclude the procedure.
Conclusion
Knowing how to lock stolen iPhones is essential for safeguarding personal and sensitive data. Apple’s Find My empowers users to remotely locate, lock, and erase their lost devices. If you have recovered your stolen device but it is locked, Wondershare Dr.Fone emerges as the top choice to unlock it within minutes.
Tips: Are you searching for a powerful Screen Unlock tool? No worries as Dr.Fone is here to help you. Download it and start a seamless unlock experience!
How To Unlock Stolen Apple iPhone SE In Different Conditionsin
Whenever your Apple iPhone SE gets stolen, multiple concerns involve accessing the Apple iPhone SE device and stored data. However, you might get it back after some time only to find that your stolen iPhone is now locked. The reasons could be long inactivity or someone who has entered the wrong passcode multiple times.
These cases most probably lead you to search for how to unlock stolen iPhones. For this, we have outlined the best methods to unlock stolen iPhones in this detailed guide. From using built-in old methods to third-party tools, this article covers it all with easy-to-follow steps.
Part 1. [Easiest Way] Unlock Easily With Wondershare Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock
Now that we are familiar with certain scenarios, the first method that provides the simplest way to unlock a stolen iPhone is using Wondershare Dr.Fone – Screen Unlock (iOS) . Users can easily continue using their locked device once they find it back after getting stolen. It is also possible that you might have activated Lost Mode by yourself to secure the data of the stolen device. But no need to worry, as Wondershare Dr.Fone offers a universal unlocking solution.
Wondershare Dr.Fone can unlock all lock screens, including Face ID and passcodes for the latest iOS models. If you have forgotten your Apple ID, this tool helps you remove it without any password. Even if MDM restrictions are imposed on your device, you can remove them without any data loss.
Notable Features of Wondershare Dr.Fone
- This tool is compatible with the latest iOS version and models, such as iPhone 15 and iOS 17.
- Wondershare Dr.Fone removes iTunes backup encryption without asserting any damage to the data.
- If your iOS device faces any carrier or SIM locks , Dr.Fone helps you remove it without any data loss.
Steps To Unlock Stolen iPhone With Wondershare Dr.Fone
After learning about the various iOS unlocking features Wondershare Dr.Fone offers, it is time to learn how to unlock a stolen iPhone. The steps below can help you quickly resolve the “I found my lost iPhone how do I unlock it” query:
- Step 1. Install Dr.Fone and Access the Built-In Toolbox
After installing Wondershare Dr.Fone, launch and navigate to the “Toolbox” section from the left panel. Continue to select “Screen Unlock” and continue by choosing “iOS” as the Apple iPhone SE device type.
- Step 2. Start Unlocking iOS Screen Lock
From the available features, proceed with “Unlock iOS Screen” and click “Start” to initiate the unlocking process.
- Step 3. Put iOS Into Recovery Mode and Specify Details
Moving on, you must put your iOS device into Recovery Mode. For this, follow the instructions on the screen based on your Apple iPhone SE model. Once it is in Recovery Mode successfully, you need to verify the Apple iPhone SE device details. Verify the “Device Model,” select the specific “System Version,” and continue to device unlocking by clicking “Start.”
- Step 4. Confirm the Unlocking Process and Successfully Execute
As the respective iOS firmware downloads, wait a few minutes and press the “Unlock” button. A prompt window appears where you have to enter the code “00000” to confirm the screen unlocking process. Once the iOS unlocking process is concluded, tap the “Done” button to check if you can access your Apple iPhone SE. Users with unsuccessful processes have the option to “Try Again” if required.
Part 2. [Old Ways] Using Siri To Unlock Stolen iPhone
It might come as a surprise to you that Siri can be used to unlock a lost iPhone. When you seek the answer to how to unlock a lost iPhone with Siri, you need to be aware of a very specific pointer. It is necessary to note that this method only works for devices operating between iOS 8 and 11.
This later turned out to be an anomaly in Siri that led users to unlock their iOS devices. If you have a device running within this iOS version range, learn how to unlock it with the provided steps:
- Step 1. Start by activating the Siri on your iOS device. Ask a simple question about time, like “What time is it?” Once Siri is active, a clock will display on your device screen. Next, access the clock and find the “World Clock” screen on your Apple iPhone SE. Tap the “+” button at the screen’s top right corner. Enter the name of any city in the “Search Bar,” tap Select All, and choose “Share.”
- Step 2. In the sharing options, look for “Messages.” As you access the next screen, type anything in the “To” section and continue to select it by navigating to the “Create a New Contact” option. When providing the contact details, tap the “Add Photo” button. Lead into the Photos app from there and swipe up the screen or press the “Home” button to access the home screen.
Part 3. [All Data Lost] Trying Recovery Mode for Unlocking Stolen iPhone
Another lifesaver method to unlock stolen iPhones is by utilizing the Recovery Mode. For this purpose, users need to connect their iPhones to their PC using iTunes . Its ability to facilitate data restoration makes it an effective method to unlock iOS devices. Rather than searching for “I bought a lost iPhone how do I unlock it,” simply follow the instructions below:
Step 1. Connect your locked stolen Apple iPhone SE to the computer using a USB cable. To enter the Recovery Mode, you need to follow the steps below, depending on your Apple iPhone SE model:
For iPhone 8 and Later: Press and release the “Volume Up” button, followed by the “Volume Down” button. Press and hold the “Side” button on the right side of the Apple iPhone SE device to activate Recovery Mode.
For iPhone 7 and 7 Plus: Press and hold the “Volume Down” and “Side/Power” buttons to enable Recovery Mode in iPhone 7 models.
For iPhone 6 and Earlier: To activate Recovery Mode, press and hold the “Home” and “Side/Power” buttons until the respective screen displays.
- Step 2: Once your Apple iPhone SE is in Recovery Mode, iTunes will detect it automatically. A pop-up window will appear within iTunes to detect some problems with the Apple iPhone SE device. Tap the “Restore” button to start the process and unlock your Apple iPhone SE by erasing all settings and content.
Part 4. Using Third-Party Unlocking Service To Unlock Stolen iPhone
In certain scenarios, when an iPhone gets stolen, it might enable the “Activation Lock.” This usually occurs to prevent the unauthorized access and usage of the Apple iPhone SE device. When you face such a situation, third-party unlocking services can help you bypass the Activation Lock.
These services include IMEIUnlockSIM , IMEICHECK.CO and Apple iPhone Unlock . Below, we have outlined steps for using Apple iPhone Unlock to help you with how do I unlock a stolen iPhone issue:
Instructions: First, access the Apple iPhone Unlock official website and enter the IMEI number of the Apple iPhone SE device. Select the particular iOS device model and continue to select “Remove Activation Lock.” Following this, review the order summary and pay the fee with the required option. Upon successful completion of payment, the service will contact you for instant unlocking within 24 hours.
Conclusion
Getting a stolen iPhone back is surely the best thing, but facing a device unlock situation worsens things. However, to help you with how to unlock a stolen iPhone, we have discussed 4 effective methods. Wondershare Dr.Fone is the best among these options. This screen unlock tool facilitates users with various screen unlocking options using the simplest methods.
Tips: Are you searching for a powerful Screen Unlock tool? No worries as Dr.Fone is here to help you. Download it and start a seamless unlock experience!
- Title: In 2024, How To Unlock Apple iPhone SE Without Passcode? 4 Easy Methods
- Author: Sophia
- Created at : 2024-07-15 00:16:08
- Updated at : 2024-07-16 00:16:08
- Link: https://ios-unlock.techidaily.com/in-2024-how-to-unlock-apple-iphone-se-without-passcode-4-easy-methods-by-drfone-ios/
- License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.